Respiratory Illnesses Surge in Pakistan Amid Dust Pollution and Poverty Crisis

Introduction

As winter sets in across Pakistan, a disturbing rise in respiratory illnesses is being reported, particularly in Karachi. Experts attribute this alarming trend to worsening air quality caused by dust pollution, unchecked urbanization, and a decline in green spaces. Compounding the crisis is increasing poverty, which limits access to essential healthcare and medicines.

Rising Cases of Respiratory Diseases
Health professionals note that respiratory illness cases have nearly doubled this year compared to previous winters. According to Dr. Javaid Ahmed Khan of Aga Khan University Hospital, colder and drier air traps pollutants, leading to higher levels of exposure to harmful particles. Additionally, heavy roadwork, deforestation, and the burning of waste on streets have exacerbated pollution.

Doctors across Karachi report significant increases in conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, COPD, pneumonia, and flu-like symptoms. Children and individuals working in polluted environments are particularly at risk.

The Role of Air Pollution
Dust and particulate matter (PM2.5), which are small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream, are identified as key contributors to the crisis. Dr. Khan emphasized that exposure to these pollutants weakens the immune system, increasing vulnerability to lung infections, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer.

"Particulate matter damages respiratory defenses, making the body susceptible to infections," he explained. Research has linked prolonged exposure to poor air quality to long-term health issues, including blocked arteries and cardiovascular complications.

Poverty Worsens the Crisis
Alongside pollution, poverty plays a significant role in the health crisis. Rising food and medicine prices leave many unable to afford basic healthcare. Families are forced to drink contaminated water, cook food using expensive gas cylinders, and forgo medicines due to financial constraints.

Dr. Sajjad Siddiqui highlighted that economic hardship forces people to endure substandard living conditions, which further compromise their health.

Recommendations from Experts
To reduce exposure to toxic air, doctors recommend wearing high-quality face masks or using cloth coverings, particularly in areas with heavy construction or dust. Proper indoor ventilation is equally essential, and residents are urged to avoid burning mosquito coils and incense, which release harmful toxins.

However, experts stress that these measures can only provide partial relief. Larger systemic changes, such as stricter regulations on vehicle emissions, improved roadwork practices, and reforestation, are critical to mitigating the crisis.

Conclusion
Pakistan’s rising respiratory illnesses highlight the urgent need for comprehensive policies addressing both air pollution and poverty. Without swift action, the health of millions will remain at risk, underscoring the devastating consequences of environmental neglect and socio-economic challenges.

Reference from:-https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/respiratory-illnesses-soar-in-pakistan-as-dust-pollution-and-poverty-worsen-health-crisis/articleshow/116262633.cms